ABSTRACT
A 40 year old male, first presented with erythema nodosum, fever, weight loss and joint pains and did not respond to anti-tubercular treatment. One year later he came back with joint pains, erythema nodosum, fever and dry cough. He also had weakness in distal right lower limb more than left limb. He had raised ESR, hypocalcaemia, raised ACE levels and lymphnode involvement on HRCT, with skin biopsy suggestive of sarcoidosis. This time patient responded to treatment and is on regular follow up.
ABSTRACT
Background: Liver cirrhosis patients are highly susceptible to bacterial infections specially Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) which is commonest infection. this study undertaken to understand liver function tests and Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients of liver cirrhosis admitted to tertiary care hospital.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among Liver cirrhosis patients in tertiary care center. Total 100 liver cirrhotic patients were included in present study. All the patients were subjected for biochemical evaluation of Serum albumin and globulin level, Serum bilirubin, SGOT (Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase), SGPT (Serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase) and Ascitic fluid polymorph nuclear neutrophil (PMN) count to diagnose SBP.Results: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis was present in 12% patients. Relation of Serum bilirubin level and SBP was statistically significant. Relation of serum SGOT, SGPT level and serum globulin between SBP and non-SBP group was statistically non-significant.Conclusions: Liver cirrhosis patients are susceptible for bacterial infections because of defects in various host defense mechanism and hence patients of liver cirrhosis must be screened for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis along with liver function tests.
ABSTRACT
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The size and volume of left atrium is an important development of atrial fibrillation which land up subjects into various complications so present study was carried out to study echocardiography findings (size and volume) among AF Cases with various underlying aetiology. Material and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted for duration of 2 years to measure left atrial size and volume by echocardiography in patients of atrial fibrillation in various diseases. Aproforma was designed to collect the desired information from the patients. The preformed structured proforma consisted of recording of investigations was used as data collection tool. All efforts were made to diagnose the aetiology of atrial fibrillation. Results: A total of 50 cases of AF were studied with mean age of study participants 53.68±12.74 yrs (range 25-80yrs) and F: M-1.3:1. Major risk factors found were RHD (44%) Hypertension (28%) IHD (24%) and DM (14%).Mean LAvolume and size on echo measurement was 78.16ml and 2 28.88cm .There was significant dilatation of LAamong RHD with p<0.05 among major risk factors found in study.